Special Section on Energy, Materials, and Nanotechnology. Recent Progress in Chiral Absorptive Metamaterials. Abstract: Chiral metamaterial absorbers CMMAs , a particular class of chiral metamaterials that refuse the transmission of incident radiation and exhibit different optical responses upon interactions with left and right circularly polarized RCP light, have gained research traction in recent years.
CMMAs demonstrate numerous exotic and specialized applications owing to their achievable compatibility with various physical, chemical, and biomolecular systems. Aside from their well-evolved fabrication modalities for a broad range of frequencies, CMMAs exhibit strong chiroptical effects, making them central to various detection, imaging, and energy harvesting applications.
Consequently, within the past decade, studies encompassing the design, optimization, and fabrication, as well as demonstrating the diverse applications of CMMAs have emerged. In this review, the theory, design, and fabrication of CMMAs are discussed, highlighting their top-down fabrication techniques as well as recent algorithmic and machine-learning ML -based approaches to the design and optimization.
Some of their broad-spectrum applications are also discussed, spanning their roles in enantioselective photodetection, chiral imaging, generation of hot electrons, selective temperature sensing, and active chiral plasmonics.
Abstract: The quantitative optical measurement of deep sub-wavelength features with sub-nanometer sensitivity addresses the measurement challenge in the semiconductor fabrication process. Optical scatterings from the sidewalls of patterned devices reveal abundant structural and material information. We demonstrated a parametric indirect microscopic imaging PIMI technique that enables recovery of the profile of wavelength-scale objects with deep sub-wavelength resolution, based on measuring and filtering the variations of far-field scattering intensities when the illumination was modulated.
The finite-difference time-domain FDTD numerical simulation was performed, and the experimental results were compared with atomic force microscopic AFM images to verify the resolution improvement achieved with PIMI.
This work may provide a new approach to exploring the detailed structure and material properties of sidewalls and edges in semiconductor-patterned devices with enhanced contrast and resolution, compared with using the conventional optical microscopy, while retaining its advantage of a wide field of view and relatively low cost.
Special Section on Terahertz Technology and Applications. Abstract: A terahertz dual-mode extended interaction oscillator EIO driven by a pseudospark-sourced sheet electron beam SEB was presented. The major advantages of the newly developed circuit include 1 high-density SEB interacting with the TM 11 and TM 31 modes, respectively, and 2 high output power of over 1 kW at the sub-terahertz frequency range. The three-dimensional 3D particle-in-cell PIC simulation predicts the maximum output power of 1.
Abstract: Recently, the diagnoses of dental caries and other dental issues are in a queue as only X-ray-based techniques are available in most hospitals around the world. Terahertz THz parametric imaging TPI is the latest technology that can be applied for medical applications, especially dental caries.
This technology is harmless and thus suitable for biological samples owing to the low energy of THz emission. In this paper, a developed TPI system is used to investigate the two-dimensional 2D and three-dimensional 3D images of different samples from human teeth. After analyzing the measured images of human teeth, the results suggest that the THz parametric technology is capable of investigating the inner side structure of the teeth.
This technique can be useful in detecting the defects in all types of human and animal teeth. The characteristics of THz waves and their interactions with the tooth samples are summarized. And the available THz-based technologies, such as TPI, and their potential applications of diagnoses are also presented. Abstract: To fill the continuous needs for faster processing elements with less power consumption causes large pressure on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS technology developers.
The scaling scenario is not an option nowadays and other technologies need to be investigated. This technology has many interesting features, such as high speed, low power consumption, and small size. These features make it an appropriate alternative to the CMOS technique.
The presented structures do not follow the conventional approaches to the logic gates design but depend on the inherent capabilities of the new technology. The proposed structures are used as the main building blocks for a single-bit comparator. The resulted circuits are simulated for the verification purpose and then compared with existing counterparts in the literature.
The comparison results are encouraging to append the proposed structures to the library of QCA gates. Abstract: The photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is an important interface between the photovoltaic power generation system and power grid. While the AAP Subcommittee should be commended for acknowledging ADHD as a neurobehavioral disorder, there is much more "behavioral" than "neuro" in the published Guidelines. The Guidelines do recognize the importance of cognitive and academic functioning in ADHD assessment and treatment, so this is a positive step.
However, if effective services are to be achieved for all children with attention problems, best practices would suggest that neuropsychological knowledge, principles, and practices be considered for this neuropsychological disorder that effects brain- behavior relationships in the school, home, and community.
A neuropsychological approach does not mean that all children with ADHD need a comprehensive evaluation using a full battery of tests. It may mean providing a neuropsychological consultation or brief screening assessments e. Although the Guidelines do not consider including neuropsychologists in assessing and treating ADHD, best practices in pediatric care for children with ADHD would be improved if neuropsychological literature and services were considered as part of an interdisciplinary team effort.
Demonstrating how a neuropsychological approach can be helpful in serving children with attention disorders such as ADHD could optimize pediatric diagnostic accuracy and maximize treatment efficacy, especially for difficult to manage cases. By recognizing the challenges associated with current pediatric practices and the need for interdisciplinary approaches when serving these children, the AAP has provided paediatricians with improved Guidelines for practice.
However, understanding the neuropsychology of ADHD can provide the impetus for developing advanced pediatric practices for serving this heterogeneous population.
Schneider, Experimental Neuropsychology Graduate Student schneid uvic. Kubas, Clinical Neuropsychology Graduate Student hkubas uvic. Hale, Associate Professor of Clinical Neuropsychology jbhale uvic. References 1. Meta-analysis shows significant association between dopamine system genes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD. Hum Mol Genet. Biol Psychiatry. The neural correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: An ALE meta- analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. J Learn Disabil. Bedard A, Tannock R. Anxiety, methylphenidate response, and working memory in children with ADHD. J Atten Disord. Predicting response of ADHD symptoms to methylphenidate treatment based on comorbid anxiety.
Differential stimulant response on attention in children with comorbid anxiety and oppositional defiant disorder. J Child Neurol. Spencer TJ. Issues in the management of patients with complex attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.
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